Whilst four-wheel drive (4WD) and all-wheel drive (AWD) are often mentioned in the same breath when talking about 4x4s, the two systems have some key differences that set them apart.
A wide range of modern-day vehicles boast AWD capabilities, but what is AWD and how does it differ from power on four wheels? Here we delve deeper into each system so you can select a vehicle that works for you or truly understand the capabilities of your existing make and model.
What is AWD?
AWD is a four-wheel drive system that’s completely automated. It shifts power as necessary between the front and rear wheels to unlock several perks for the driver in terms of performance.
We’ll let Cars.com explain more about how the all-wheel drive system works:
“The engine in an AWD vehicle can deliver power to all four wheels and automatically modulate the amount of power delivered to the front and rear wheels to maximize traction and get the vehicle moving forward. Some AWD systems also have the ability to operate only in two-wheel drive and/or a “lock” button that essentially locks the power distribution at 50/50 front/rear; others do not.”
Found in many modern, light duty cars, SUVs, crossovers, and minivans, the all-wheel drive offers an excellent option for achieving maximum safety and optimum performance in adverse weather conditions, such as on wet or icy roads. It’s also a mode that is now used widely in supercars, thanks to the need for these vehicle types to power down from high speeds cleanly.
How does 4WD differ?
Four-wheel drive vehicles are different. Instead of automating where power is sent according to conditions, 4WD systems split this power equally between all four wheels.
Far from a traditional system – most conventional vehicles use only one axle and are classed as two-wheel drive (2WD) as a result – permanent 4WD vehicles require no input from the driver. Part-time 4WD vehicles however can switch between two-wheel drive for normal driving conditions and 4WD.
Which is right for me?
When compared to the conventionally used two-wheel drive system, both AWD and 4WD are weightier alternatives. The added weight of opting for either a 4WD or AWD system will make the vehicle more expensive to run as well as dull its handling and brake performance without the right upgrades.
Almost all vehicles used for serious off-roading across various types of terrain are part-time 4WD, not permanent 4WD.
Those who predominantly use their vehicles on road and partake in green laning or light off-roading should consider either a part-time 4WD or AWD model. Whilst more complex, the varying levels of power AWD delivers to each wheel provide extra traction to take on harsher road conditions, retaining grip in one or more wheels when others start to slip.
Drivers who tow caravans or trailers, or live in rural areas where road conditions are particularly poor, will find a 4WD vehicle more suitable for their needs.
The versatility of 4WD vehicles is celebrated widely amongst drivers who enjoy off-roading or green laning. Choosing the right winch for your 4WD for instance can unlock better reliability and safety in the harshest environments, whilst brakes, clutches, tyres and other components can all be adapted to ensure your vehicle performs well both on the road and off.
Are you the proud owner of a 4WD vehicle? Shop the latest upgrades for your make, model and series right here.
Image: Sanit Fuangnakhon / Shutterstock.com
